District Profile

a) Establishment : 28th MAY 1983

b) Geographical Location :

Latitude : 230 40’

Longitude : 840 40’ To 840 50’

c) Geographical Boundry :

North : Lohardaga

South : Simdega

East : Ranchi

West : Chhatisgarh

d) Total Geographical Area :

529546.15 hectare

5321 Sq. Km.

e) Soil : Red Laterite & Alluvium Sediments (Near river bed)

 

f) Climate :

Average annual rainfall : 1100 mm

Temperature : 5 – 450 C

Relative Humidity : 30 - 90%

g) Important Rivers : Koel, Sankh and North Koel

 

h) Administrative Units :

No. of Sub-Division : 03

No. of Blocks : 12

  1. Gumla
  2. Raidih
  3. Chainpur
  4. Dumri
  5. Palkot
  6. Basia
  7. Kamdara
  8. Sisai
  9. Bharno
  10. Ghaghra
  11. Bishunpur
  12. Albert Ekka Jari

No. of Village : 948

No. of Panchayats : 159 + 1 Municipality

Literacy Percentage : 65.73 % (According to 2011 census)

i) Population (According to 2011 Census) :

   
Total 10,25,213
Male 5,14,390
Female 5,10,823
Rural Population 960132 (93.65%)
Urban Population 39761 (3.87%)
ST 706754 (68.94%)
SC 32429 (3.17%)
Other 286000 (27.89%)

 

j) Socio-Economic Status :

 

   
Farmers 321272 (65.90%)
Agricultural Laborers 97918 (20%)
Home Industries Labour 3.42%
Other Workers 55547 (11.39%)
BPL 74.75%

k) Land Utilisation Pattern :

   
Geographical Area 529546.15 ha.
Total Forest Area 135600 ha (Wild Life Sanctuaries 183.18 Sq. Km )
Cultivable Area 329600 ha
Permanent Pasture 2204 ha
Net Cultivated Area 259419.1 ha
Net Irrigated Area 67760 ha
Cultivable waste land 31598 ha

DON LAND

  1. Done – I - 29044.47 ha
  2. Done – II - 33664.8 ha
  3. Done – III – 30986.60 ha

TAR LAND

  1. Tar – I - 13134 ha
  2. Tar – II - 82506.59 ha
  3. Tar – III - 70083.25 ha

l) Area Covered Under Different Crops :

(As per data of District Agriculture Department, Gumla )

   
Kharif (ha)  
Paddy 188000
Maize 7340
Pulses 24762
Oil Seeds 8419
Coarse Cereals 1790
Rabi (ha)  
Wheat 12000
Rabi Maize 2000
Gram 12600
Lentil 5500
Pea 3200
Mustard 15300
Linseed 2800
Safflower 227
Sun-Flower 100

* Source : District Agriculture Department, Gumla (Targeted area for 2013&14 & 2015-16)

 

Agro-climatic Zone & Major Agro Ecological Situations

 

S.N. Agro-climatic Zone Characteristics
1 Zone V The soil of plateau is nutritionally poor & organic matter rapidly declining due to deforestation, leaching & soil erosion. Hence high degree of soil management and soil husbandry have become imperative for intensive cultivation in the existing soil of the plateau the soil of the district is Red laterite to Sandy Clay & Clay loam.
The farming situation of the district is rainfed the cropping pattern is mainly monocropping & kharif based.

 

Agro Ecological Situation

 

S.N. Agro Ecological Situation Characteristics
1 South Western Plateau South Western plateau is characterized by hot sub humid eco-region with red loamy soil. Summer season is generally hot and winter is cold. The soil type varied from red laterite to sandy clay and clay loam with an undulating topography and least irrigation facilities.

 

Soil Type/s

 

S.N. Soil Type Characteristics Area in ha
1 Red laterite to sandy clay & clay loam The soil is universally poor in N & K due to high excessive leaching. They have high P fixation capacity due to the presence of Kaolinitic along with sesquioxides.
Hence high degree of soil management and soil husbandry have become imperative for intensive cultivation in the existing soil of the plateau.		 80% of the total geographical area (531396.13 ha)

AES Map of Gumla

  • AES [I] High altitude, Sandy loam soil, Rainfed undulated land & dense forest (Bishunpur, Ghagra, Chainpur, Dumri Block ).
  • AES [II] Loamy sand soil, Rainfed, undulated land (Bharno, Sisai, Gumla Block).
  • AES [III] Sandy loam, Rainfed, Moderately undulated land & Forest area (Raidih, Palkot, Basia, Kamdara Block).